Knowing Your Family History: BRCA

Oct. 30, 2025

Have you ever wondered why your doctor asks about your family's medical history? It's because certain genes can be passed down through families and increase your risk of breast and ovarian cancer. Having an open conversation with your doctor about understanding your family's health history can help protect you and your loved ones.

What Are BRCA Genes?

Everyone has BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. These genes normally help prevent cancer by fixing damaged cells. However, these genes can undergo ongoing changes (called mutations) that prevent them from functioning properly. When this happens, your risk of breast cancer goes up to 45-70%, and your risk of ovarian cancer increases to 10-40%.

If one parent has a BRCA mutation, each child has a 50% chance of inheriting it. That's why knowing your family's health history matters so much.

Does Cancer Run in Your Family?

Certain patterns in your family history can signal a higher risk for breast cancer:

  • Several family members with breast or ovarian cancer

  • Anyone diagnosed with cancer before age 50

  • Cancer in both breasts

  • Male relatives with breast cancer

  • Ashkenazi Jewish background

How Does Testing Work?

If your family history indicates an increased risk, your doctor may recommend genetic testing. First, you'll meet with a genetic counselor who will explain what testing can and cannot tell you. From there, they will help you decide if testing is right for you. 

What Can You Do?

If you have a BRCA mutation, you have options. You can start screening earlier with mammograms and MRIs to gather as much information as possible. Some people decide on surgery to lower their risk. Your healthcare team will help you choose what's best for you. Knowing your BRCA status helps you take control of your health. Family conversations discussing health history can protect not only you, but also your children and grandchildren.

If you're concerned about your family history or want to learn more about BRCA testing, schedule an appointment today with New York Breast Health. 

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